GH and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) levels in the aged decrease by 30–60%. The total daily GH production of approximately 0.5 mg is highest in childhood and adolescence, while it decreases with age. The cycle of GH release is pulsatile, with the largest diurnal increase in GH secretion occurring shortly after the onset of sleep, and smaller pulses occurring at intervals throughout the day, several hours after eating a meal. STH consists of 191 amino acid residues with a molecular weight ( M w) of 22 kDa. The hormone is secreted pulsatilely in response to the action of somatoliberin and somatostatin secreted from hypothalamic neurons. Somatotropin (STH), known as growth hormone (GH), is a polypeptide produced by the somatotropic cells of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. The hydrogels obtained were found to be typical shear-thinning, thixotropic fluids. ALB prolonged the STH penetration rate and increased the penetration degree of STH to 93%. A test of STH permeation in simulated in vivo conditions through porcine skin indicated a relatively good bioavailability of over 80% and confirmed the effectiveness of MC as a carrier for growth hormone. Selected rheological properties of the formulations obtained were investigated. A test of the degree of STH permeation was carried out, as well as the effect of ALB on STH permeation parameters. Simultaneously, formulations were made with STH, to which albumin (ALB) was added at different concentrations: 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.5%.
A substrate was prepared based on a polymer, methylcellulose (MC), into which STH was introduced at a concentration of 1 mg/g. Therefore, an attempt was made to formulate a less invasive STH formulation for topical application to the skin. However, injectable drug application is accompanied by numerous inconveniences. The FDA approved treatment with STH with one dose per week for the first time in 2021. Growth hormone (somatotropin-STH) deficiency therapy requires daily injections of recombinant human growth hormone.
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